Business Process Improvement - Calculating the Labor Cost

Have you ever wondered what a business processthen one FTE equates to 2,080 hours in a year (52
costs an organization or what the largest cost to aweeks x 40 hours per week). Of course employees
company building a product is anyway? It is usuallymay have holidays, vacation, and sick time available to
either labor or materials, depending on the type ofthem. To arrive at the right labor calculation to use,
business, and over the decades we have seen a shiftsubtract the number of hours your company grants
where overhead is consuming a bigger slice of theyour employees for vacation, sick, and paid holidays.
"product cost" pie.In our example, I use 1,880 hours as the standard labor
While this article discusses business processes, andhours. I arrived at this number by subtracting 80 hours
not product creation, labor is still a big cost component.vacation, 40 hours sick time, and 10 days (or 80 hours)
So knowing how much labor a process consumes willof paid holidays from the starting point of 2,080 hours
help you better understand the cost. This articlein a year.
provides the basic steps on how to calculate the laborOnce you know the FTE number to use, divide the
cost of a business process, which include:answer in step 2 by the FTE number. In our example,
divide 2,560 (total annual hours spent on the quote
1. List the process activities and times.process) by 1,880 hours (FTE number) and you get
2. Identify the annual volume.1.36 FTE. This means that the quote process
3. Determine the FTE number to use.consumes a little over one employee and almost 1-1/2
4. Determine the salary and employee benefit rate toemployees. Using the FTE concept enables you to
use.account for percentages of an employee's time spent
Here is more detail on each of these steps. I will useon a business process.
developing a product quote as the example.Fourth, multiply the employee salary by the FTE
First, you have to know the process time for thenumber. For simplicity, assume the work of creating a
business process in question. Determine this byproduct quote is completed by one type of employee
identifying how long each step in the process takes- entry level clerks. If they earn $30,000 a year, multiply
and total the actual time consumed by the activities.$30,000 by 1.36 (FTEs) to arrive at $40,800, the
So, let us assume that it takes 46.0 minutes for eachlabor-only cost for the process.
quote. Translated into hours, this equates to.8 hoursOf course, most employees receive benefits, so you
(rounded up) to produce each quote.have to add your organization's employee benefit rate
Second, multiply the time from step 1 by the annual(often referred to as "EB rate") to the employee's
volume. Let us assume that we produce 3,200 productsalary to arrive at the final labor cost for the business
quotes a year. In our example, multiply the.8 hoursprocess.
(labor per quote) by 3,200 quotes (volume). This equalsIf you have many different types of employees
2,560 hours spent on the quote process in a yearinvolved in a business process and they all earn
(annual labor hours).different salaries, you will find it helpful to build a
Third, decide what full-time equivalent (FTE) numberspreadsheet to perform the calculation.
you should use in your calculation. While the definitionEstimating process time and its associated cost is the
of FTE varies by business, it generally means the totalfourth step to improving the effectiveness, efficiency,
number of hours an employee can be paid for in aand adaptability of your business processes.
work year. If an employee works 40 hours a week,