| After the current market crisis, the US Public Company | | | | significant effect on the risks of material misstatement. |
| Accounting Oversight Board is proposing changes to | | | | 4th Proposed AS: The Auditor's Responses to the |
| its auditing standards that describe the rules of any | | | | Risks of Material Misstatement |
| Sarbanes Oxley audit. | | | | The auditors should apply professional skepticism in |
| The new challenge for the auditors is to assess and | | | | gathering and evaluating audit evidence. |
| respond to risks during an audit. | | | | Professional skepticism includes a questioning mind and |
| Audit risk is the material risk that the auditors will | | | | a critical assessment of the appropriateness and |
| express an inappropriate opinion when the financial | | | | sufficiency of audit evidence. |
| statements are materially misstated. The objective of | | | | 5th Proposed AS: Evaluating Audit Results |
| the audits is not to zero this risk, but to to limit audit risk | | | | Some definitions here are interesting: |
| to a low level, so that the auditor can provide | | | | Error is an unintentional misstatement in the financial |
| reasonable assurance that the financial statements | | | | statements. |
| fairly present, in all material respects, the financial | | | | Misstatement is anything that causes the financial |
| position, results of operations, and cash flows of a firm. | | | | statements not to be presented fairly in conformity |
| The proposed changes are: | | | | with the applicable financial reporting framework. |
| 1st Proposed Auditing Standard (AS) from the | | | | Uncorrected misstatements are misstatements |
| PCAOB: Audit Risk in an Audit of Financial Statements | | | | accumulated during the audit hat management has not |
| The auditors must plan and perform the audit to obtain | | | | corrected. |
| reasonable assurance about whether there is material | | | | 6th Proposed AS: Consideration of Materiality in |
| mistatement in the financial statements due to error or | | | | Planning and Performing an Audit |
| fraud. The auditors must applying due professional | | | | The auditors must establish a materiality level for the |
| care and obtaining sufficient appropriate audit evidence | | | | financial statements as a whole that is appropriate |
| 2nd Proposed AS: Audit Planning and Supervision | | | | especially in light of the surrounding circumstances. In |
| Planning an audit includes planned risk assessment | | | | order to determine the nature, timing, and extent of |
| procedures and responses to the risks of material | | | | audit procedures, the materiality level as a whole |
| misstatement. Planning is a continual and iterative | | | | needs to be expressed as a specified amount. |
| process that begins shortly after (or in connection with) | | | | 7th Proposed Auditing Standard from the PCAOB: |
| the completion of the previous audit. | | | | Audit Evidence |
| The auditors should develop a written audit plan that | | | | There are some important changes here, and |
| should include a description of the nature, timing and | | | | surprises. Some of the principles of computer |
| extent of the risk assessment, tests of controls, and | | | | forensics can be found in this auditing standard. |
| procedures that are required to be carried out. | | | | For example, evidence provided by original documents |
| 3rd Proposed AS: Identifying and Assessing Risks of | | | | is more reliable than evidence provided by photocopies |
| Material Misstatement | | | | or facsimiles, or filmed and digitized documents. |
| The auditor's assessment procedures apply to both | | | | Documents converted into electronic form are not |
| the audit of internal control over financial reporting and | | | | reliable. In fact their reliability depends on the controls |
| the audit of the financial statements. Auditors must | | | | over the conversion and maintenance of those |
| obtain an understanding of the company and its | | | | documents. |
| environment to find the activities that could have a | | | | |