SIP Phone and SIP Trunking

Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) offers an advantagea midsize business to the Internet, and it is also used in
for small businesses that have moved to VoIP. Tooffices that have a high call volume. The Primary Rate
understand the advantage, we must first look at theInterface divides that T1 line into 23 channels, with each
issue of using SIP trunking versus PRI (Primary Ratechannel carrying a single phone call. The number of
Interface).channels required for the office is dependent on the
In traditional telephone systems, physical wires arepeak number of simultaneous calling, rather than the
installed on site, but a SIP trunk replaces this with a SIPphysical number of phone extensions.
trunking provider that offers virtual provisioning. As aThe downside to the PRI approach is that the PRI is
result, the need for a local Public Switched Telephoneprovisioned in groups of 23 channels, which for a small
Network (PSTN) gateway is eliminated, as is the needbusiness, may result in overprovisioning and unneeded
for the Primary Rate Interface (PRI), which can beexpense. Both approaches are scalable, but the PRI
costly, especially to small business. To deploy SIPapproach is scalable only in larger quantities. SIP trunk
trunking, your IP PBX will need to have a SIP trunkingscalability is more incremental. SIP uses the same T1
connectivity port, and most modern IP PBXes doline, but does not divide it into channels, and so an
include this functionality as a standard feature. At theentire PRI is not necessary for an incremental upgrade.
same time, your firewall should be SIP-enabled to allowAs a result, there is no need to purchase unneeded
for VoIP calls to be protected. Again, most modernchannels when only a small upgrade is required.
firewalls are SIP-capable.Some businesses have resisted moving to SIP trunking
There are actually three components to a SIPas opposed to PRI because the PRI did, at one time,
environment, starting with the SIP-enabled IP PBX. Theoffer a superior level of call quality. In addition, PRI was
Internet telephony service provider (ITSP) forms theoften chosen over SIP trunking because it offered the
second component, providing a connection betweenability to deploy Direct Inward Dial (DID) numbers for
the IP network and the PSTN. Lastly, the bordersimpler call routing. SIP trunking however, today does
element (such as a SIP-enabled firewall) connects theoffer the same capability, and call quality is equivalent.
enterprise IP network, the PSTN, and an externalThere is a cost advantage, both for small and large
carrier network. The service provider usually includescompanies. Smaller companies may be more
SIP trunking as part of the phone package. Beforeconcerned with incremental scalability. However, a
contracting with a SIP trunking service provider, reviewbigger concern is installation. The PRI approach calls
the provider's quality of service terms and service levelfor a physical installation of the T1 copper pair, while
agreement to determine responsiveness, call quality,SIP involves a "virtual" deployment-and this therefore
security guarantees and other important factors.makes installation and maintenance costs significantly
A T1 line is a high-bandwidth line often used to connectless.