Standardizing Processes

When working to improve a process, it is not enoughare made only when data shows a need to change.
to implement a solution and stop. Without a plan toThis prevents individuals from doing the work the way
maintain the gains, at the first sign of trouble, systemsthat seems best to them, thus compromising quality
will revert to what has been comfortable in the past.and negatively affecting the customer. The objective is
That usually means a return to some past operatingto maintain consistent quality over time in spite of
procedure. To prevent this, there must be a linkage ofenvironmental changes.
the improvement to the management system. ThisDocumentation is an underlying principle in
involves monitoring important metrics, documentingstandardization. Making sure documentation is up to
methods and procedures, and providing a strategy fordate and utilized encourages the ongoing use of
dealing with problems in the future.standardized methods. In addition, documentation
This is the purpose of the Control Phase of a Sixprovides the information necessary to anticipate
Sigma Project. It involves a plan to maintain the gainsproblems and to see where potential improvements
from the new process, and building that plan into thecan be made.
management system. This will provide for on goingIf managed properly, standardized work establishes a
accountability. Considering that process improvementrelationship between people and their work processes.
projects will typically cross functional boundaries, theThis relationship can enhance ownership and pride in
various process owners, and what they arethe quality of work performed. From the customer's
accountable for, will be need to be specified, andperspective, standardized work keeps processes in
included in the plan, in order to insure long-termcontrol so that the highest quality products and
success.services are provided. From the service or product
The result is consistent customer satisfaction, a linkageprovider's perspective, standardized work improves
between quality initiatives and strategic objectives,safety, improves employee morale, controls production
direction for future improvement activities, and acosts, and provides business longevity by returning
reliance on data by the process owners. These aresatisfied customers.
the ingredients of successful improvement projectsStandardization has three components: elimination of
Discipline (Standardization)waste, workplace simplification (5-S philosophy), and
Discipline, in this case, applies to the adherence towork process analysis. All three of these components
standardization. Just as a disciplined athlete adheres toare necessary. If work is standardized without waste
a standard practice routine to reach the highest levelelimination, waste production becomes standardized. If
of their performance, a business must have thework is standardized without workplace simplification,
discipline to adhere to proven methods of doing work.complexity becomes standardized. If a process is not
This is standardization.being measured, it is not being managed.
Standardization is about making sure that importantThe place to do all of this documentation is in a work
elements of a process are performed the same wayprocess analysis document. This tool documents how
every time, as prescribed by the standardized process.work is done. It is convenient to look at work process
A lack of consistency will cause the process toanalysis as a detailed description of the process'
generate defects and compromise safety.process map. It can also be a documentation of
Standardization also provides predictability, whichworkflow through an area of space (e.g., a factory
allows the process owners to prevent problemsfloor). The restraints of this article prevent me from
before they affect the customer.including a Work Process Analysis template. You can
In a process improvement project, the improvementget this, though, by visiting my website at
team can use the PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, Act) cycleThe work process analysis tool also makes an
to find the best way to do the work. The dataexcellent training tool. The process steps are detailed
collected in the PDCA cycle becomes the basis forand the expected cycle time is given. This becomes a
changing a process, or for leaving it as is. Eventually,target for the process operators. The process
when no further improvement is mandated, a standarddiagram can also be the floor layout of the workflow.
work practice is developed.The exact content is dependent upon the needs of
When a process or practice is standardized, changesthe process owners.