The Strategic Planning Process - Market Forces Will Always Determine Strategic Direction

Over the past 12 to 18 months financial marketsAgain, as an example, was the Strategic Planning
worldwide have come under huge financial pressure.Process at Nokia Corporation, the world leader in the
This situation will continue for at least the next planningcell phone industry, too focused on traditional product
period and more than likely well beyond. An economicand traditional competition? How could Apple iPhone
downturn is certainly a recognized phase of aand iPod Touch or even Blackberry, come into a very
normalized business cycle; however the magnitudeprice point competitive marketplace, create demand
and potential duration of the current cycle is no doubtwith multiple function products and grab big chunks of
unique. As such there has never been a greater needmarket share? Nokia Corp. just announced (03/18/09)
for in depth Strategic Planning.another layoff of 1700 employees worldwide which
A well integrated Strategic Planning Process hasfollowed the closure of a research center and layoff
always been the hallmark of strong Company earningsof 320 jobs. Nokia had also made 2300 temporary job
and positive market share growth among industrylayoffs a month earlier.
leaders. The Process is an annual discipline that puts inThere are similar examples in almost every industry
place all of the product and project initiatives for thesegment. There has already been too much written
upcoming year as well as the operating initiatives andabout GM, Ford and Chrysler and how, in the early
budgets for each of the business units or functionalyears they basically ignored the entry of Honda,
areas of the company.Toyota and Datsun (now Nissan) into the North
The Annual Strategic Planning Process could begin inAmerican automotive marketplace. All too often a
the latter part of the third quarter with the externalcompany's greatest strength ultimately becomes their
Environmental Scan evaluation of the marketplace.biggest weakness. For many decades the power of
The Strategic Planning Team(s) for each business unitthe UAW/CAW in collective bargaining for wages,
would compile the research data. They would thenbenefits and working conditions represented in many
take Senior Management through a detailed reviewways the solid foundation of the North American auto
and update of the political changes including the hugeindustry in attracting and keeping a skilled workforce.
potentially positive impact of the 'bailout' action plans ofToday it is arguably its biggest weakness.
the Barack Obama and Stephen HarperIn more recent years both KIA and Hyundai have also
administrations, the 'New Reality' economic operatingcome on the scene. A market that was characterized
environment and its potential business consequences,by: (1) huge barriers to entry, (2) billions of dollars of
regulatory changes, and social trends for theirupfront costs and (3) brand loyalty competitive forces.
marketplace.As the 'Big Three' continued to embrace their 'Big
The next stage would be the competitiveBlock' strategy, market research probably pointed to a
environmental update with close attention each keyvery significant quality/fuel efficiency/price point
competitor as well as new entrants and those exitingadvantage for potential new entrants that history has
the business. The research data on customer andshown represented a huge opportunity. On the subject
supplier profile changes that may impact the businessof brand loyalty, there is new brand loyalty around the
going forward is also an essential element. There is noToyota Prius, marketed to the new cost and
question that both the advancements in technologyenvironmentally 'green' conscious consumer who
and the seemingly 'out of the blue' arrival of nonwants an efficient car that can plug-and-play with all of
traditional competitors may in fact, along with athe latest media. Again, a corporate strategy targeted
floundering economy, be the most critical aspects ofto a specific market segment that has left the
Strategic Planning in this business cycle.competition scrambling.
It cannot be emphasized enough this 'mission critical'With those questions then, what are the answers?
aspect of the Strategic Planning Process. It has oftenThe answer to all these questions is simple. The
been said that companies of all sizes that either goStrategic Planning Process is the first step within the
bankrupt or enter Chapter 11, don't plan to fail, they justdiscipline of Business Process Management. The
fail to plan. They tend to embraced internalized, veryfollow-up steps are then Business Case Methodology
linear planning processes with little consideration of theirto ensure that each and every meaningful Company
operating environment.initiative is accompanied by a detailed Business Case
In larger companies this stage of the process couldfor Senior Management and/or Board approval.
take upwards of two months, for smaller organizations,The next stage in Business Process Management is
somewhat less. But irrespective of organizational sizeeither the Product Development Process or the
the process is a key annual attribute of the 'excellence'Project Management Process that represents a
companies that have long been the topic of the Tomdisciplined, staged workflow process to ensure on time
Peters/Robert Waterman 'In Search of Excellence'on budget results. There are 'go and no go' check
writings on America's best run companies.points for timely reporting back to Senior Management
All too often the road of an internalized strategicBoard within each process. The final stage of the
planning process with only a cursory look at thecompletion of a project would be its transfer into
traditional competition has led to market share selfOperations. The final stage of the completion and
destruction. A good case in point may come from thelaunch of a product would be the transfer of product
portable devices industry. Did Sony Corporation seeresponsibilities into the Product Management Process.
Apple USA coming? Quite possibly not. As a veryWhether it is a Super Bowl Champion, a World Series
nontraditional competitor, how could the Apple iPod andChampion an Olympic Champion, a College Champion,
Apple iTunes come into an already overcrowdedHigh School Champion or a Corporate Champion the
marketplace; put a very significant stake in the groundprocess is very similar. To each discipline there is a
with products that were more than double the priceprocess and within the process there are
and take huge market share away from Sonyfundamentals. Embrace the process and become a
Walkman, Sony Discman and Sony Watchman,fanatic at the fundamentals.
among others?