What You Really Need to Know About a MPLS Network

MPLS... or Multi-Protocol Label Switching.... seems to bethe devil is in the detail here, and some options which
the buzzword for connecting company data networkssound like they provide a fantastic level of resilience
these days. But MPLS is really nothing new. It's beenmay not be as good as they sound, depending on how
around awhile actually. Maybe now it's just gainingyour internal network is configured.
more popularity and thus noticeable public acceptanceAnd, of course, the key to all of this is SLAs: what do
and notoriety. Rightfully so too. MPLS offers lots ofthey offer? What happens if they break them? How
advantages over traditional T1 point-to-point WANdo they report them to you?
architectures.Generally speaking, MPLS services are a great way
But..... to decide if MPLS is really a good fit for yourto run a multi-site data network including VoIP services.
network requirements..... there's some things you needI have seen many carriers and their customers doing
to understand first.this successfully for years.
There's no one "MPLS Service". A lot of what you getStrictly speaking MPLS does not provide QoS. QoS is
will depend how the service provider has Engineereddone by prioritizing traffic, and most IP routers, even
and built their core network. Bear in mind that manythose on the backbone of the Internet, can do this. The
carriers don't own the whole network, but will piecedifference is whether they are configured to do this or
together a service from other carriers networks, or willnot. In an MPLS network MPLS is provided by
interconnect with other carriers to extend their reach.standard router features. MPLS technology (specifically
Cell-mode MPLS was mentioned: basically this is ATMTraffic Engineering) gives the carrier better control
which has been retro-fitted with MPLS. Be careful withover how this traffic is prioritized and routed (and
this for VoIP applications because it can use bandwidthrestored in case of network fault). All this does is give
very inefficiently.them the confidence to support SLAs.
MPLS can support QoS, but many services aren'tAs I mentioned, "QoS" is provided as a set of "service
engineered with this, or only with very basicclasses". Typically these are things like "real-time",
prioritization. Also the services are very often"high-priority" and "everything else". Mapping actual
structured to reduce the potential complexity and totraffic into these classes can be done in a few
ensure the network can cope. Bear in mind a typicaldifferent ways, but this is largely up to you to control.
MPLS router can only carry a percentage ofFor instance, you could quite easily put web-browsing
"high-priority, real time" traffic. If everyone sends all theirtraffic into "real time" although this would normally be a
data as high priority then the benefit is lost, and thedumb thing to do.
network may suffer. Usually QoS is provided as aI would suggest the case for MPLS in terms of
small number of service classes, typically 3 or 4.performance, cost and continuity against 'traditional' or
The biggest bottleneck in any such service is normally'legacy' data networks is now pretty robust, i.e. MPLS
the tail circuit to each of your premises. If you moveprovides significant advantages in all 3 areas.
from a T1 mesh to a MPLS service then you will likelyThe key considerations when migrating include
find that some sites need more bandwidth than others.provider selection, access media (e.g. using Ethernet
Tracking the requirement for this bandwidth is usuallyrather than SDH/SONET), the decision on procuring a
your problem, although the service provides may givemanaged or unmanaged service (often called
you some reporting tools to assist with this. I wouldwires-only) and the providers ability to map their CoS
avoid service providers who cannot offer this as it willQoS to the applications you need to support. This is
make it very difficult for you to manage yourespecially important if you are operating any
bandwidths.proprietary applications.
If you factor in multiple service classes then yourThere is also an increasing trend to use WAN
management of these tail circuits gets more complexOptimization/application management solutions either
as you no only have to work out how muchas a value added service from the provider or from
bandwidth is required for each tail circuit, but how muchan alternative integrator or indeed doing it in house. This
of it should be reserved for each service class.is important say for voice or applications such as
Regarding resilience, within the service providers core,CITRIX.
the service is normally highly resilient to failures.MPLS providers also now offer a whole suite of value
However, when failures do occur, very oftenadded services such as integrated internet, managed
(depending on how the service is engineered) thenetwork based firewalls and remote user support. If
rerouting can take a second or two. During thisthese are important to you make sure the providers
network re-convergence you will lose packets.demonstrate how this is achieved.
Depending on the protocol your traffic uses this canIn selecting your provider ensure they have good
be unimportant or devastating. For instance, somegeographic coverage in your areas and experience
VPN and VoIP services don't survive this well.within your market segment. I always recommend
Normally resilience is not automatically provided all therequesting up to 3 references. Equally I think it is wise
way to the customer. Typically you will have one tailto understand how important a client you will be to the
circuit and one router at each site. If either fails (or ifprovider. It's all well and good using the market leader
the Service provider's PE router has problems) you will(say according to Gartner)..... but you'll often get a
lose service to the site, totally.better service from a provider who values and really
If this is an issue, you need to factor in dualwants your business.
connections. There's multiple ways of doing this, andNeed help designing the right MPLS configuration for
different service providers will offer different options.your network? There's a ton of resources..... free and
Make sure you get your Network Engineer involved asfee..... listed and discussed at Broadband Nation.